Pump.



B. 0. GAGE.

PUMP.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 6, 1912.

Patented May 12, 1914 zen of the United States,

' ,the best results made compact or UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

BURT O. GAGE, OF WARREN, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR TO WARREN STEAM PUMP COMPANY, OF WARREN, MASSACHUSETTS, A CORPORATION OF MASSACHUSETTS.

PUMP.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, BURT O. GAGE, a citiresiding in arof Worcester, and State of Massachusetts, have invented an Improve ment in Pumps, of which the followingdescription, in connection with the accompanying drawings,'is a specification, like letters on the drawings representing like parts.

This invention has for its object to inren, county crease the efficiency and durability, and lessen the cost of pumps and especially water pumps, such as are used on board ships for pumping salt water. To this end, the cylinder of the water pump is provided with a substantially thin cylinder, sleeve or liner, formed of Monel metal, which has been subjected to pressure, as by hammering or rolling, by which process the Monel metal is compacted and rendered dense or non-porous, smooth and free from cutting edges, whereby electrolytic action, cutting of the piston rings, and leakage of the cylinder are avoided, and a pump of long life and maxi mum efliciency is obtained. The liner is for from sheet Monel metal.

Figure 1 is a longitudinal section of a pump cylinder embodying this invention. Fig. 2, a cross-section of the cylinder taken on the line 2-2, Fig. 1, and Fig. 3, a modification to be referred to.

Referring to the drawings, a represents the cylinder of a water pump of any suitable or known construction, such as now commonly found in steam actuated water pumps, and b is a liner for said cylinder, which is composed of a sheet of h/Ionel metal, which has been subjected to substantially heavy pressure and thereby rendered dense and non-porous, smooth on its inner surface and free from cutting edges,

. struction.

.so that, the liner has no injurious action on the rings of the piston (not shown), but which is of ordinary or well-known con- The non-porous Monel sheet metal liner may be secured in the cylinder a by a tapering key 0, after the manner, now commonly practised in the lining of water pumps with bronze or composition metal, or said liner may have the ends of the sheet abut (see Fig. 3) and form a sleeve, which is forced into the cylinder a as now .commonly practised in the manufacture of pumps.

I Specification of Letters Patent. Application filed September 6, 1912.

Patented May 12, 1914.

Serial No. 718,796.

Prior to this invention, water pumps and especially those used on board ships, and more particularly naval vessels, have been provided with liners of bronze or composition of metals, but these liners have not been successful for a number of reasons, among others, because of the electrolytic action set up by the salt water between the bronze liner and the steel or iron cylinder of the pump, owing to the porosity of the bronze and because the bronze is. not hard enough, is easily cut and causes the pump to leak.

Attempts have been made to use liners of cast Monel metal, which sets up lesselectrolytic action with the iron or steel cylinder in the presence of salt water than the bronze liner, and is harder than the'bronze or composition metal, but such attempts have not been successful, because the cast liner of Monel metal is also porous, and has more or less blow holes or cavities on its inner surface, in which is lodged dirt and grit contained in the water, and this dirt and grit in time acts like a sharp tool and cuts-v the piston rings and packing of the piston, owing to the rough interior surface, and not only causes leakage of Water by the piston, but also increases the resistance offered to the travel of the piston, consequently increasing the power required to move the piston, an thereby increasing the cost of operating the pump. Furthermore, the life of the pump is materially shortened and the cost of re-- pairs increased.

The above noted defects are avoided by a liner made from Monel metal, which has been hammered, rolled or otherwise subjected to heavy pressure, whereby the liner is rendered compact or dense and provided with an inner surface which is smooth and free or substantially free from cavities and is non-porous, which prevents or reduces to a minimum electrolytic action due to the salt water leaking through the pores of the liner and coming lIl contact with the iron or steel or other metal cylinder.

The liner ispreferably made from a sheet of Monel metal, which has been hammered or rolled under pressure, so as sheet non-porous and also smooth on its inner surface and free from cavities and cutting edges, whereby lodgment of dirt and grit is prevented and cutting of the piston rings and consequent leakage of the pump 110 to render the which is of increased cylinder are avoided, and a more eflicient and durable pump is obtained. Further more, the cost of manufacture and maintenance are largely reduced, inasmuch as sheet Monel metal liners may be produced at a minimum cost and repairs materially lessened.

Leakage of pumps provided with bronze liners is due in a great measure to the cutting action on the bronze liner of the dirt and grit present in the water, which sub stances cut grooves in the bronze liner and form uneven surfaces for the piston rings to work against,r,thereby causing the pump cylinder to leak, wit-h a of efficiency. On the other hand, dirt and grit do not cut aliner of Monel metal and partlcularly a liner of hammered and rolled sheet Mone-l metal, owing to the hardness of this metal, and owing to the freedom of the inner surface of the liner from blow holes or other cavities, no. opportunity is afi'orded for the dirt and grit to lodge and accumulate and form cutting surfaces, which cutthe piston rings or other packing of the {piston and which offer increased resistance nomical in operation and of] longer life can be produced and maintained at less expense than heretofore,

by the employment in the Water cylinder of a corresponding loss a Water pump em-' which is composed of compacted Monel metal and particularly hammered or rolled sheet Monel metal. 'So also, the compressed and compacted Monel met-a1 liner enables the piston to be provided with a metal packing ring, such as composition G metal, of sufficiently large diameter to make a watertight fit with the liner, when the pump is to handle water or other fluid of a relatively low temperature, and enable the same pump 50 without change to handle water or other fluid. of a materially higher temperature liner or materially inwithout scoring'the 7 required to. move the creasing the power piston. c

C-laims: 1. The combination with the cylinder of a water pump, of a liner therefor composed of sheet Monel metal, which is compact,

non-porous and hard and has its inner sur face smooth and substantially free from cavities.

2. The combination with the cylinder of a water pump, of a liner therefor composed of hammered or rolled sheet Monel metaL- 3. The combination'with the cylinder of a pump, of a liner therefor-composed of compressed and compacted Monel metal which is non-porous and has its inner surface smooth, from cavities.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my hard and substantially free name to this specification in the presence or a two subscribing witnesses.

Witnesses:

L. C. 'KIBBE, FnANK lB. Pui annr.

liner for said cylinder, 4o

nunroi GAGE; 

